The Java Persistence API is a POJO persistence API for object/relational mapping. It contains a full object/relational mapping specification supporting the use of Java language metadata annotations and/or XML descriptors to define the mapping between Java objects and a relational database. Java Persistence API is usable both within Java SE environments as well as within Java EE.
It supports a rich, SQL-like query language (which is a significant extension upon EJB QL) for both static and dynamic queries. It also supports the use of pluggable persistence providers.
The Java Persistence API originated as part of the work of the JSR 220 Expert Group to simplify EJB CMP entity beans. It soon became clear to the expert group, however, that a simplification of EJB CMP was not enough, and that what was needed was a POJO persistence framework in line with other O/R mapping technologies available in the industry. The Java Persistence API draws upon the best ideas from persistence technologies such as Hibernate, TopLink, and JDO.
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